India has renewed its call for comprehensive reforms of the United Nations Security Council (UNSC), emphasizing the need for changes that encompass membership categories, regional representation, council size, working methods, and the use of veto power. Addressing the United Nations, India’s Permanent Representative, Parvathaneni Harish, highlighted the importance of addressing these five areas collectively rather than isolating the veto issue.
Harish underscored the significant responsibility that comes with the veto power, advocating for its restrained use, particularly on matters of international peace and security. He criticized the disproportionate use of veto power by a few countries, which he argued undermines the council’s credibility and effectiveness. Currently, veto power is held by the five permanent members: the United States, the United Kingdom, France, Russia, and China.
Since the inception of the United Nations, the veto has been used 331 times, with the majority attributed to three of the five permanent members. Harish referenced a 2022 initiative aimed at improving accountability by requiring the UN General Assembly to convene a debate whenever a veto is cast.
India’s proposal insists on a framework for permanent membership that includes equal rights and responsibilities among all permanent members, specifically equal access to veto power. Harish warned against creating a separate category of permanent members without equivalent veto rights, suggesting it could further complicate the reform process.
Furthermore, India reaffirmed its support for the Common African Position, which advocates for a unified African Union approach to Security Council reforms. This call is part of India’s broader push for a more representative and accountable Security Council capable of effectively responding to contemporary global challenges.